So it’s happened, after some resistance I finally fell into the sourdough hole and I could not be more obesessed. I guess it’s no surprise. I loved chemistry as a kid until an awful teacher took over. She would say rubbish like: when it comes to grades, God can get an A, I can get a B and you lot (meaning us, kids) can at most get a C. What a role model? I mean, seriously. She should have not come anywhere near teaching.
Anyway, I digress. So what got me hooked on sourdough was a bit of homesickness and the realisation how much I miss rye bread I grew up on. Rye breads – there are literally hundreds of traditional recipes – are a true staple of Northern, Central and Eastern European diets, but not very popular here in the UK so I knew that if I wanted a taste of home I had to make my sourdough rye bread myself.
Like all good sourdough breads, rye sourdough starts with a bubbly starter. Sourdough starter is essentially a culture of wild yeast and gut-friendly bacteria that is a result of fermentation process. All you need to make a starter is quality flour (wholemeal flour, which has a much higher mineral content, is most reliable), non-chlorinated water, time and a bit of care. That Guinness advert from over a decade ago – good things come to those who wait – hit the nail on the head. A starter takes approximately 7 days of waiting and daily feeding before you are able to harness its bubbly goodness in making your first sourdough.
After your starter is ready, all you need to do is mix some of it up with flour, water and eventually salt and wait a bit to allow wild yeast to aerate the dough, bake the bread and wait some more for it to settle. If it sounds like there is a lot of waiting and twiddling your thumbs, it’s because there is! But don’t worry, apart from some stirring and a bit of patience, this is a pretty hands-off way to get a delcious sourdough rye bread on your table. Your patience will be rewarded with a delicious, complex flavour loaf. It will be crispy on the outside and moist and soft on the inside, with a great crunch of some added seeds. It offers a great nutritional alternative to white bread too. I love this bread, especially lighly toasted and topped with a range of sweet and savoury toppings and I hope you will too.
If you are a beginner, don’t worry. This is a perfect sourdough to get started on. It is ridiculosly simple to make as there is no kneading or shaping required. The process is more akin to making a cake albeit with very minimal ingredients. Yet, as opposed to a cake, it is not that easy to mess this bread up. You don’t need to be careful with folding flour into the wet ingredients or vigilant when it comes to taking the loaf out of the oven the minute it’s ready, this dough is very forgiving and 5-10 minutes longer in the oven won’t ruin it.
MORE ABOUT THE INGREDIENTS
Below are all of the key ingredients that go into this simple sourdough rye bread, with the exception of sunflower seeds. Sunflower seeds can be omitted or replaced with a different seed: pumpkin, sesame, flaxseed or even chopped nuts.
What is helpful to remember is that the ratios of the main ingredients in this recipe are: 1 : 1 : 1 : 2, meaning 1 part sourdough starter, 1 part rye flour, 1 part wheat flour and 2 parts water. Remembering this formula will enable you to easily increase the volume of your bread to match the size of the bread tin you own.
SOURDOUGH STARTER: I made a starter with wholemeal rye flour and it took 7 days of feeding before I was able to bake my first loaf. I followed this regimen and it worked a treat. I was able to bake my first sourdough bread on day 8 of my starter.
I started off with 70 g (2.5 oz) of wholemeal rye flour and 70 g (2.5 oz) of lukewarm water in a clean jar. I mixed them together with a wooden spoon and left on my counter to do their thing. From the second day onwards, I discarded anything above 70 g (2.5 oz) of my starter and fed it the same amount of flour and water.
Btw, rye starter can be used to make a beautiful non-rye bread too. I made a white bread flour sourdough a couple of days ago and the result has surpassed my expection – for some reason I used to think that the flour used for the starter should match the flour used for the loaf. I was wrong. You can make an artisan white flour loaf with rye starter and vice versa.
Here is what my starter looks like now. It’s happy and healthy – smells a little sour and it’s full of tiny little bubbles. I named it Ryenocerous to remind me of its humble origins (rye flour) and because it’s a voracious eater. Duncan thought it lame at first, but came round eventually. My starter is my little pet that requires a daily feed. I feed it every day as I bake every day, but if you don’t you can keep it in the fridge and decrease the frequency of feedings to once a week.
WHOLEMEAL RYE FLOUR: this would not be a rye bread without a fair amount of rye flour. I used wholemeal rye flour in this recipe and that’s what I recommend. Not only is it healthier as it’s less processed and so it retains a lot of nutritional values that are lost when using white rye flour, it is also much tastier.
WHOLEMEAL WHEAT FLOUR: even though this is a rye bread, I decided to use some wholemeal wheat flour to complement rye flour and rye-based sourdough starter. Rye flour is low in gluten so it’s quite heavy and dense, while wholemeal wheat flour is soft and springy. Marrying the two together offers a nice balance of density and lightness that’s hard to dislike. Once you become more confident with this bread, you can alter the proportions a little in favour of more rye flour or even substitute wholemeal wheat flour with white rye flour (it makes the bread denser), but this is a great starting point.
SALT: salt is simply used for flavour and so the amount of it can and should be adjusted to one’s palate. It is not added until you mix up the actual bread dough as it is believed by some to slow down yeast.
WATER: lukewarm, non chlorinated water is what is needed to bring the dough together. I would steer clear of using fresh tap water as it is likely to hinder fermentation. It is best to use boiled and cooled (you want the water to be about body temperature) or a mixture of filtered (I use carbon filters) and boiled water. The amount of water may differ if you decide to change any of the flours. I used 300 g / 10.5 oz of water in total.
SUNFLOWER SEEDS: seeds are a common staple of rye breads, they add extra crunch and nutrition. You could add any seeds or nuts you like, I went for simple and cheap sunflower seeds in this one. If you would like to get more flavour out of them, you could roast them in low oven until golden before cooling and adding to the bread dough.
MORE ABOUT THE PROCESS
This recipe is simple and hands-off but the dough is mixed in two stages.
STAGE 1: preferment
Preferment is where active sourdough starter is mixed with half of the flour and water. It is then put aside to ferment overnight (or until you see lots of little bubbles throughout – see photo). This step improves the bread’s texture and flavour and it’s so effortless that I don’t recommend you skip it.
The photo on the right and below is what preferment looks like after it’s ready to incorporate into the bread dough proper.
STAGE 2: bread dough mixing
Once preferment is bubbly (see photo above) – you can do a test by dropping a small amount of it in a glass of lukewarm water and seeing if it floats to the surface. If it does, it means that your preferment is good to turn into the actual bread dough. Here is where you add the other half of the flour, water and salt to the preferment. You the transfer it into a loaf pan, ready for bulk rise.
STAGE 3: bulk rise (passive step)
This is a passive step. Once you transferred the dough into a loaf tin, you need wait until it’s risen out of the tin and a few pin holes appear on the surface of the dough before baking.
STAGE 4: cooling (passive step)
This is also a passive step. Rye flour makes the bread moist inside, which is why you need to allow rye bread to settle once out of the oven or else it will appear underdone. It needs to be stone-cold before you cut into it. I typically allow it to cool off on a drying rack overnight.
That’s all there is to it, like I say it’s all very simple and hands-off.
This is what my bread looked like after baking and (cross section) after it has settled overnight. It has a delicious crispy crust that keeps the bread fresh and moist, soft, sunflower-seed studded flesh with a mild tangy taste and plenty of air bubbles.
I love this bread toasted with a range of toppings. Here are some easy examples below:
– mashed avocado, sundried tomatoes, chilli oil, rocket
– vegan cream cheese, radishes, nigella seeds, micro herbs
– hummus, roasted cherry toms, chilli oil, rocket or corinader
– hummus, garlicky pan-seared mushrooms, parsely or chilli oil
– peanut butter, sliced banana, crushed peanuts
– vegan nuttella and sliced banana, crushed hazelnuts
– vegan butter and apricot jam
- 150 g / 5.3 oz active sourdough starter (see blog post)
- 150 g / 5.3 oz wholemeal rye flour
- 300 g / 10.5 oz lukewarm water*, divided
- 150 g / 5.3 oz wholemeal wheat flour or white rye flour*
- 1½ tsp fine salt
- 100 g / 3.5 oz sunflower seeds (optional)
METHOD
STAGE 1 (preferment)
- In a large glass bowl, combine active sourdough starter, wholemeal rye flour and half of the warm water (150 g / 5.3 oz).
- Mix into a thick paste, scarpe the sides of the bowl, smooth the top with a spatula and cover with a kitchen towel. Leave to ferment in a warm place (kitchen counter, away from draughts) overnight or until the preferment has risen and is bubbly throughout.
STAGE 2 & 3 (bread dough & bulk rise)
- Brush you baking tin with a little oil and coat it with either of the flours. If your tin isn’t non-stick, you may want to add a wide (not too wide as it will stop the bottom from crisping up) sling of baking parchment in the middle of the tin for easy removal.
- To the bowl with prefermented starter, add wholemeal wheat flour, the other half of water, salt and sunflower seeds (hold some back for the topping).
- Mix really well, until no flour pockets remain.
- Transfer the dough into the prepared baking tin, pressing the mixture down in the tin so that it’s evenly distributed and there are no air pockets in between spoonfuls of the dough.
- Smooth the top with a wet hand or a wet spatula. Cover with an upside down bowl and set aside for 2-4 hours in a warm place, until the bread rises and domes out of the tin and there are a few pin holes visible on the surface (see photos in the post).
- When your bread is nearly there, pre-heat the oven to 220° C / 430° F and fill a deep baking tray with boiling water.
- Once the bread has risen, handle it very gently as you don’t want it to deflate. Gently spray the top with water and sprinkle with some (not too many) sunflower seeds.
- Place baking tray with water at the bottom of the oven and the bread on the middle shelf.
- Bake for 15 minuntes, then decrease the temperature to 200° C / 390° F and bake for further 55-60 minutes, the bread is ready when the bottom sounds hollow when you knock on it. It is normal for this bread to get quite dark on top, but you could cover the top with a piece of kitchen foil for the last 15 minutes if it’s getting too dark.
- Once baked, take the bread out of the tin (otherwise the bottom will get soggy) and place it on a drying rack to cool.
STAGE 4 (cooling)
- Allow the bread to settle (overnight or until stone-coled) before cutting into it.
- Store on the counter, wrapped up in a paper bag and a kitchen towel. It will keep for up to 5 days once cut. To freeze, slice and separate the slices with pieces of baking paper before locking away in an air-tight container. Freeze for up to 2 months.
NOTES
*WHITE RYE FLOUR: if you want this loaf to be 100% rye, use white rye flour instead of wholemeal wheat flour without chaning anything else. Be aware that 100% rye loaf is going to be denser, moistier and less fluffy than 50% rye and 50% wheat flour loaf. If you are new to rye bread, I recommend you start of with the latter.
BAKING TIN SIZE: I used a small 900 g / 2 lb tin that I usually make cakes in. The tin holds 1250 ml / 5 cups of liquid (to the brim) and measures: 21.5 cm / 8.5 inches (length), 11 cm / 4.3 inches (width) and 5 cm / 2 inches (depth). Bread dough should not reach above 3/4 height of the tin or else it may not rise.
SCALING UP: If you would like to scale this recipe up, it is helpful to remember that the ratios of the key ingredients in this recipe are: 1:1:1:2 (1 part starter : 1 part rye flour : 1 part wheat flour : 2 parts water) so to make a slightly larger loaf use 200 g / 7 oz starter, 200 g / 7 oz rye flour, 200 g / 7 oz wheat flour and 400 g / 14 oz water. Remember that you may need to extend the baking time a little too.
